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15 Quotes by Pirates that link Freedom with the Occult

15 Quotes by Pirates that link Freedom with the Occult

The English word “pirate” is derived from the Latin pirata (“pirate, corsair, sea robber”), which comes from Greek (peiratēs), “brigand”, from (peiráomai), “I attempt”, from (peîra), “attempt, experience”. The meaning of the Greek word peiratēs literally is “anyone who attempts something”.

Over time it came to be used of anyone who engaged in robbery or brigandry on land or sea. The term first appeared in English around the year 1300.

It did not become standardized until the 18th century, and spellings such as “pirrot”, “pyrate” and “pyrat” occurred until this period.

Pirates were against the authoritarian rule of their day, including monarchies, slavery and institutional religion.

One thing most pirates had in common was the search for freedom and living life on their own terms.

The connection between pirates and the quest for freedom is deeply rooted in their rejection of societal norms and their creation of alternative systems that challenged the status quo.

Pirates operated on the fringes of society, carving out their own rules, structures and codes that often aligned with ideals of liberty, in certain ways the precursors of modern libertarian ideals, although their use of violence and plunder did not align completely with it and is definitively to be condemned.

Pirates were often seen as unconventional in their views and practices compared to the societies they rebelled against, which can make them appear “freedom-minded” and, in some ways, aligned with free-market principles.

However, the reality is more nuanced and a fascinating time in history to explore.

Freedom-Minded Aspects:

Many pirates were individuals who had escaped harsh conditions on naval or merchant ships. The strict hierarchies and brutal discipline of these institutions drove some to piracy, which offered a more autonomous lifestyle.

Pirate ships were often run with a form of movable hierarchy. Crewmembers elected their captains and quartermasters, who could be removed if they were deemed ineffective or abusive. Important decisions, like dividing loot or whether to engage in battle, were often made collectively.

Many pirate crews followed “articles” or codes that outlined rights and responsibilities, promoting some sort of equality among the crew (at least among those considered somewhat equals). These codes included provisions for compensation for injuries and shares of loot, reflecting a kind of mutual contract.

Free-Market Elements:

Pirates operated in a shadow economy, trading stolen goods, smuggling contraband, and dealing in black-market goods. This decentralized and unregulated trade resembles aspects of a free market, albeit outside the institutionalized law.

Pirate hubs like Nassau or Tortuga acted as freewheeling marketplaces where pirates, merchants and locals engaged in trade. Without the oversight of states or corporations, these economies thrived on direct exchanges.

Pirates often targeted monopolistic enterprises, like the Spanish treasure fleets or the British East India Company, disrupting state-controlled or heavily regulated trade.

Limits to Freedom and Market Libertarianism:

Captains often wielded significant power, particularly during combat. Discipline could be harsh, and mutiny was punished severely.

Pirates’ “free market” was underpinned by violence. Their freedom often came at the expense of others, as they plundered and took hostages to sustain their way of life.

While pirates were more just than most contemporary institutions, this didn’t extend to everyone. Enslaved individuals or captured prisoners often had little choice in their roles aboard pirate ships.

This video refers to The Golden Age of Piracy, a period between 1650 and 1730, when maritime piracy was a significant factor in the histories of the North Atlantic and Indian Oceans.

Here’s a deeper dive into some of these figures and some of the most famous quotes attributed to historical pirates, pirate legends, and pirate lore. These phrases and facts reflect their daring, fearsome reputation, their darker, superstitious side and their willingness to make a life for themselves.

“Damnation seize my soul if I give you quarters, or take any from you!”

Edward “Blackbeard” Teach

This line was reportedly spoken during his final battle in 1718 against a naval force led by Lieutenant Robert Maynard of the British Royal Navy.

Blackbeard’s refusal to surrender or show mercy is emblematic of his legendary ruthlessness and ambition.

“I am a free prince, and I have as much authority to make war on the whole world as he who has a hundred sail of ships at sea.”

Samuel Bellamy (“Black Sam”)

Bellamy, a charismatic pirate, defended his actions by asserting the independence of pirates, framing himself as a revolutionary figure defying the established order.

He is best known as the wealthiest pirate in recorded history, and one of the faces of the Golden Age of Piracy.

Bellamy became known for his mercy and generosity towards those he captured on his raids. This reputation earned him another nickname, the “Prince of Pirates”.

“A merry life and a short one shall be my motto.”

Bartholomew Roberts (Black Bart)

This quote highlights the high-stakes lifestyle of pirates, who embraced the thrill of freedom and fortune, often knowing their careers—and lives—would be brief.

Roberts embraced the fleeting nature of a pirate’s life, reveling in the moment, capturing over 400 ships before his death in 1722.

Unlike other pirates, he was unusually disciplined, enforcing codes of conduct among his crew.

“It is a blessing for a man to have a hand in determining his own fate.”

Henry Avery (“The Arch Pirate”)

Avery, one of the most successful pirates, highlighted the pirate ethos of freedom and self-determination.

Avery was infamous for being one of very few major pirate captains to escape with his loot without being arrested or killed in battle, and for being the perpetrator of what has been called the most profitable act of piracy in history, equivalent to around 115 million pounds in 2024.

“They that die by the sword are better off than they that die by the noose.”

Stede Bonnet

Known as the “Gentleman Pirate,” Bonnet is said to have expressed this grim sentiment before his death, reflecting the pirate ethos that dying in battle was a more honorable fate than the humiliation of execution.

He was an aristocrat who turned to piracy, but he lacked the skill or ruthlessness of his peers. He was eventually captured and hanged in 1718.

Bonnet was an unlikely pirate—a wealthy landowner turned pirate out of boredom or disillusionment.

He partnered with Blackbeard for a time, which likely led to rumors of him dabbling in occult practices.

“There’s no mask for a treacherous heart like an honest face”

Captain William Kidd

Kidd was initially a privateer but became infamous as a pirate after being accused of turning rogue.

Stories suggest that Kidd cursed his hidden treasure, leading to hauntings and supernatural occurrences surrounding attempts to retrieve it.

Some versions of the legend claim that Kidd engaged in rituals or partnered with occult practitioners to protect his fortune. Some believe that the locations of his treasure were encoded in secret maps.

“Find my treasure, the one who may understand it!”

Olivier Levasseur (“La Buse”)

This famous challenge before his execution has added to the aura of mystery around him as he was known for leaving cryptic clues about the locations of his hidden treasure, including a supposed cipher or riddle.

Some believe his treasure map was tied to mystical or alchemical principles, blending pirate lore with esoteric practices.

Disturb us, Lord, when we are too well pleased with ourselves, when our dreams have come true because we have dreamed too little”.

Sir Francis Drake

While not a pirate in the traditional sense, he was involved in exploration and was rumored to have consulted astrologers and occultists, reflecting the era’s fascination with alchemy.

It was said among the Spaniards that Drake possessed a magic mirror that enabled him to see ships in all parts of the world.

According to legend, Drake sold his soul to the Devil in exchange for prowess at sea. In concert with Devon witches, he cast spells that raised storms against the Spanish Armada.

Under the leadership of a man you have all chosen to flee. We shall see how you prove yourselves under the hand of a woman”.

Madame Cheng (Ching Shih)

A Chinese pirate queen, who commanded one of the largest pirate fleets in history with hundreds of ships and an estimated 60,000 men. In comparison, the famed Blackbeard commanded 4 ships and 300 pirates.

She was known for her strategic brilliance and strict code of conduct and was said to consult mystics and rely on rituals to ensure favorable winds and victories.

Maritime superstitions in Chinese culture, especially regarding feng shui and rituals for safe voyages, were likely significant to her fleet.

“Dead men tell no tales.”

This proverb is both a practical rule and a dark warning attributed to pirates across history. It emphasized eliminating witnesses or rivals to secure one’s secrets. A classic pirate saying used to justify leaving no witnesses behind. It appears in historical accounts and fictional works.


“Let every man do his duty, and the sea shall reward us.”

Likely derived from naval traditions where sailors were encouraged to put their trust in the sea’s bounty if they worked together. Pirates might have adapted this saying to foster camaraderie.

It reflects the superstitions surrounding the sea, viewed as a provider of fortune and a punisher.

“Cursed be he who takes my treasure. It is mine by blood and steel.”

While no single pirate is credited with saying this, the sentiment aligns with the lore surrounding cursed loot and hidden riches.

It reflects the superstitious belief that treasure was often bound by rituals, curses, or supernatural guardianship.

“By the powers, I’ll blast your soul to hell!”

A threat often used by pirates, emphasizing their fearsome reputation.

“The wind and the waves are always on the side of the ablest navigator.”

Often used as a metaphor for the cunning required in a pirate’s life and how a change of perspective can make a difference.

“The sea is my mistress, and my plunder is her dowry.”

A poetic reflection of the pirate’s devotion to the ocean and their treasure-driven life.

In essence, pirates embodied certain ideals of freedom and anti-authoritarianism within their context, and their economic practices had aspects of free-market exchange. However, their reliance on coercion and plunder, as well as the realities of their often brutal lifestyle, complicates their characterization as paragons of freedom or free-market capitalism, while at the same time they incorporated some of those ideals.

We will explore more in the next videos!

What do you think about Pirates and their Quest for Freedom through Occult practices? Let us know in the comment section, subscribe for more and share the post!!!


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15 Quotes by Pirates that link Freedom with the Occult


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Links and References:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piracy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Piracy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackbeard

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Bellamy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartholomew_Roberts

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Every

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stede_Bonnet

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Kidd

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivier_Levasseur

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Drake

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zheng_Yi_Sao

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feng_shui

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortuga_(Haiti)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Providence

Pics:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Providence#/media/File:Battle_of_Nassau.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortuga_(Haiti)#/media/File:Tortuga17thcentury.jpg

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:16th_century_Portuguese_Spanish_trade_routes.png

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivier_Levasseur#/media/File%3AAlphabet_de_la_buse.jpg

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The Sirius Binary Star System – Occult and Esoteric Considerations

The Sirius Binary Star System - Occult and Esoteric Considerations

Celestial bodies in our Solar System show harmonic resonance with the Sirius Star System and many cultures have had a long interest in our relationship with it.

Previous civilizations did understand sky mechanics at an advanced level, and the mathematical precision of their astronomical observations is a testament to this.

What the naked eye perceives as a single star is actually a binary star system, consisting of a white star, called Sirius A, and a faint white dwarf companion, called Sirius B, orbiting each other with a separation of roughly the distance between the Sun and Uranus.

The system is between 200 and 300 million years old and it was originally composed of two bright bluish stars.

At a distance of 8.6 light years, the Sirius system is one of Earth’s nearest neighbors.

This proximity is the main reason for its brightness, as with other near stars such as Alpha Centauri, Procyon and Vega.

Sirius A is the brightest star in the night sky, almost twice as bright as the second-brightest star, Canopus, and the 5th closest star we’ve identified to our sun.

Its companion, Sirius B, is currently 10,000 times less luminous and was once the more massive of the two.

Sirius B, also known as the Pup Star, is one of the most massive white dwarfs known. This mass is packed into a volume roughly equal to the Earth’s.

Because there is no internal heat source, Sirius B will steadily cool as the remaining heat is radiated into space over the next two billion years or so.

Along with Procyon and Betelgeuse, Sirius forms one of the three vertices of the Winter Triangle to observers in the Northern Hemisphere.

Under the right conditions, Sirius can be observed in daylight with the naked eye in the winter months by following a line down from the Orion belt, where it appears as a white/blue star. These observing conditions are more easily met in the Southern Hemisphere, owing to the southerly declination of Sirius.

Some scholars suggested that Sirius was a member of the Ursa Major Moving Group, a set of 220 stars that share a common motion through space.

Sirius may instead be a member of the proposed Sirius Supercluster, along with other scattered stars. This would be one of three large clusters located within 500 light-years of the Sun. The other two are the Hyades and the Pleiades, and each of these clusters consists of hundreds of stars.

The ancient Greeks, Romans, Egyptians, Babylonians, Indians and Chinese all had special understanding about the importance of Sirius.

A fascinating aspect of Sirius is the consistency of the symbolism and meanings attached to it.

Several great civilizations have indeed associated Sirius with a dog-like figure and viewed the star as either the source or the destination of a mysterious force. It has over 50 designations and names attached to it.

The name “Sirius” comes from the Latin Sīrius, from the Ancient Greek Seirios, “glowing” or “scorcher”, owing to its brightness.

It was described as “burning” or “flaming” in literature.

To Greek observers, these emanations caused its malignant influence. Anyone suffering its effects was said to be “star-struck” (astrobólētos).

The season following the star’s reappearance came to be known as the “dog days”.

The inhabitants of the island of Ceos in the Aegean Sea, in Greece, would offer sacrifices to Sirius and Zeus to bring cooling breezes and would await the reappearance of the star in the summer.

If it rose clear, it would bring good fortune. If it was misty or faint, then it foretold pestilence. Coins retrieved from the island from the 3rd century BCE feature dogs or stars with emanating rays, highlighting Sirius’s importance.

The star is also called Alpha Canis Majoris in Latin and as the “Dog Star”, reflecting its prominence in its constellation, Canis Major (the Greater Dog), classically depicted as Orion’s dog.

The Ancient Greeks thought that Sirius’s emanations could affect dogs adversely, making them behave abnormally during the “dog days”, the hottest days of the summer, the Heliacal rising of Sirius. They also observed that the appearance of Sirius as the morning star caused plants to wilt, men to weaken, and women to become aroused.

Homer, in the Iliad, describes the approach of Achilles toward Troy in these words:

Sirius rises late in the dark, liquid sky
On summer nights, star of stars,
Orion’s Dog they call it, brightest
Of all, but an evil portent, bringing heat
And fevers to suffering humanity.

The Romans knew these days as dies caniculares, and the star Sirius was called Canicula, “little dog”.

The Romans celebrated the Heliacal setting of Sirius around 25th of April, sacrificing a dog to the goddess Robigo so that the star’s emanations would not cause wheat rust on wheat crops that year.

Interestingly, the 25th of April is now a national holiday in Italy, Liberation Day, celebrating the end of World War II on Italian soil.

In Iranian mythology, especially in Persian mythology and in Zoroastrianism, the ancient religion of Persia, Sirius appears as Tishtrya and is revered as the rain-maker divinity.

In Chinese astronomy Sirius is known as the star of the “celestial wolf” (Tiānláng), Tenrōin in Japan and Cheonrang in Korean.

Many nations among the indigenous people of North America also associated Sirius with canines.

The Seri and Tohono O’odham tribes of the southwest describe Sirius as a “dog that follows mountain sheep”, while the Blackfoot call it “Dog-face”.

The Cherokee paired Sirius with Antares as a dog-star guardian of the “Path of Souls”. The Pawnee of Nebraska knew it as the “Wolf Star”, while other tribes knew it as the “Coyote Star”.

Further north, the Alaskan Inuit of the Bering Strait called it “Moon Dog”.

It was “Wolf that hangs by the side of Heaven” for the Northern Osage.

The Hopi Natives refer to Sirius as the Blue Star Kachina. People think the Red Star Kachina is a separate star but perhaps it is the same star at a different part of its cycle. Hopi Prophecy states that when Sirius makes its appearance in the heavens, the Fifth World will emerge.

In India it is referred to as Svana, the Dog Prince Yudhistira.

In Sanskrit it is known as Mrgavyadha “deer hunter”, or Lubdhaka “hunter”. As Mrgavyadha, the star represents Rudra (a form of Shiva). The star is referred to as Makarajyoti in Malayalam and has religious significance to the pilgrim center Sabarimala.

In Scandinavia, the star has been known as Lokabrenna (“burning done by Loki”, or “Loki’s torch”).

In Geoffrey Chaucer’s essay Treatise on the Astrolabe, it bears the name Alhabor and is depicted by a hound’s head. This name is widely used on medieval astrolabes from Western Europe.

Bright stars were also important to the ancient Polynesians for navigation of the Pacific Ocean. Sirius matches the latitude of the archipelago of Fiji.

Sirius served as the body of a “Great Bird” constellation called Manu, which divided the Polynesian night sky into two hemispheres.

Just as the appearance of Sirius in the morning sky marked summer in Greece, it marked the onset of winter for the Māori, and the name Takurua described both the star and the season.

In Ancient Egypt, Sirius was regarded as the most important star in the sky. In fact, it was the foundation of the Egyptians’ entire religious system. It was revered as Sothis and was associated with Isis, the mother goddess of Egyptian mythology.

Isis is the female aspect of the trinity formed by herself, Osiris and their son Horus. Sirius/Sothis was held in such high regard that most of the Egyptian deities were associated, in some way or another, with the star.

Anubis, the dog-headed god of death, had an obvious connection with the Dog Star.

The hieroglyph representing Sirius contains three elements: a “phallic” obelisk (representing Osiris), a “womb-like” dome (representing Isis) and a star (representing Horus).

Thot-Hermes, the great teacher of humanity, was also esoterically connected with the star.

Several occult researchers have claimed that the Great Pyramid of Giza was built in perfect alignment with the stars, especially Sirius. The light from these stars was said to be used in ceremonies of Egyptian Mysteries.

The Heliacal rising of Sirius, which refers to its first annual appearance from behind the sun, is when the star can be observed just before sunrise. Sirius’ Heliacal rising always preceded the flooding of the Nile and the Summer Solstice in Ancient Egypt.

Owing to the flood’s own irregularity, the extreme precision of the star’s return was important to the ancient Egyptians, who worshipped it as the goddess Sopdet, meaning”Triangle” or “Sharp One”, as guarantor of the fertility of the land.

The start of the new year, heralded by the rising of the waters, was linked with this “going forth of Sothis” and led to the goddess being called “Lady of the new year”.

The 70 day period of the absence of Sirius from the sky was understood as the passing of Sopdet-Isis and Sah-Osiris through the Egyptian underworld.

It is interesting to note that the embalming of the dead took 70 days. Sopdet was a goddess of fertility to both the living and the dead.

The Sothic cycle or Canicular period is a period of 1,461 Egyptian civil years of 365 days each and it confirms that Sirius does not move retrograde across the sky like other stars, a phenomenon widely known as the precession of the equinoxes.

It is thought that the reason why the Egyptians and many other civilizations of that era used Sirius as their marker for the passage of time was because they picked the most stable object in the sky as their reference point.

Thuban was the pole star when the pyramids allegedly were built and the so-called Simulation began.

Sirius is mentioned in Surah 53 An-Najm (The Star) of the Holy Qura’n, where it is given the name “Ash-Shira”, meaning “Leader” or “Known One”, also known as Mirzam Al-Jawza.

The precession of the equinoxes is an approximately 26,000 year cycle where the rotational axis of the earth appears to wobble, inscribing a great circle in the starry sky. Currently Polaris is almost in line with the earth’s Northern axis.

This great cycle is caused by the interaction of gravitational forces between the earth and the other celestial bodies in our solar system.

Some scholars have offered a radical theory that the reason for this apparent wobble is in fact because our sun is part of a binary star system.

Proposing that Sirius may be the companion to our sun is opposite of what we commonly think of as binary stars because it’s not the closest star to our own.

In general, a binary star refers to a pair of stars that revolve around a common center of mass.

We can observe other binary star systems due to the wobbly movements these stars make or through regular fluctuations in their brightness.

There may be many more binary or even triple star systems than we previously believed, though typically they are closer together.

On the other hand, the binary model seems to better explain a variable rate of precession since the wobble would speed up or slow down depending on the proximity of the two stars as they rotate around each other.

Obviously, if we take into consideration the theory of a flat earth, the starry dome would be rotating above a stationary land, and still, the occult and mystical aspects of Sirius would be relevant.

Sirius remains about the same distance from the equinoxes and the solstices throughout the centuries, despite precession. Researchers found no “precession” adjustments are required to track the star Sirius.

For this reason, it is suggested that Sirius may be the best fit as our binary companion, though a more suitable star would be one closer to our Solar System.

Although there are researchers and astronomers willing to consider this radical idea, it does turn a lot of theories about our universe on their heads, and many people are resistant.

In his book, The Holy Science, the Indian philosopher Sri Yukteswar proposed that our Sun did have a binary relationship with Sirius.

He suggested that this relationship was the cause of the great ages, or Yugas, of Hindu belief, a cycle of roughly 24,000 years, similar to that of precession.

According to this belief, when the Suns are closer in relationship we experience Golden Ages, and because of this cycle the rise and fall of civilizations has occurred before.

When the two Suns are the farthest apart, we experience Kali Yuga. It happens that the stars are now moving closer together towards another Golden age.

Around 25 CE, Seneca described Sirius as being of a deeper red than Mars. It is therefore possible that the description as red is a poetic metaphor for ill fortune.

It is notable that not all ancient observers saw Sirius as red.

The 1st-century poet Marcus Manilius described it as “sea-blue”, as did the 4th-century Avienius.

Around the year 150 CE, Claudius Ptolemy of Alexandria, a Greek Egyptian astronomer of the Roman period, mapped the stars in his Almagest, in which he used Sirius as the location for the globe’s central meridian. He curiously depicted it as one of six red-colored stars. Among the other five he listed Betelgeuse, Antares, Aldebaran, Arcturus, and Pollux, all of which are at present observed to be of orange or red hue.

Also Babylonian cuneiform texts refer consistently to Sirius as a red or reddish star.

The reason could be that the star moved over the centuries and thus the perceived color changed.

According to scholar Robert K. G. Temple, knowledge about Sirius made its way from Egypt to Mali, to a West African tribe called the Dogon.

In his book entitled The Sirius Mystery, he traces the origin of the Dogon tradition back to ancient Egyptian times, around 3,200 BCE.

The Dogon have since time immemorial closely guarded a secret initiatory tradition containing accurate and detailed astronomical knowledge regarding Sirius that would normally be considered impossible without the use of telescopes.

Long before the rise of modern astronomy, the Dogon knew that Sirius A also has a closer, heavier binary star associated with it, with a 50 year orbital period.

They say that Sirius B is immensely heavy, invisible, very small, yet extremely powerful. Their understanding of the two stars’ orbits coincides exactly with modern astronomical findings, yet was noted thousands of years before it was scientifically proven.

They also claim that a third star, Emme Ya, exists in the Sirius system. Larger and lighter than Sirius B, this star revolves around Sirius A as well.

The Dogon also believe that approximately 5,000 years ago, Amphibious Gods, called Nommo, came to Earth in three legged space ships from the Sirius Star System.

They are said to have “descended from the sky in a vessel accompanied by fire and thunder” and imparted profound knowledge to ancient civilizations (such as the Egyptians and Dogon) about the Sirius star system as well as our own solar system.

Allegedly, ancient aliens from Sirius were blue and their descendants thought of as blue-bloods or royalty.

The Dogon have described perfectly the DNA pattern made by this elliptical orbit created by the two stars as they rotate around each other. They believe Sirius to be the axis of the universe, and from it all matter and all souls are produced in a great spiral motion.

The Dogon’s mythology system is strikingly similar to the ones of other civilizations such as the Sumerians, Egyptians, Israelites, and Babylonians as it includes the archetypal myth of a “great teacher from above”.

Depending on the civilization, this great teacher is known as Enoch, Thoth or Hermes Trismegistus and is said to have taught humanity theurgic sciences.

In occult traditions, it is believed that Thoth-Hermes had taught the people of Atlantis, which, according to legend, became the world’s most advanced civilization before the entire continent was submerged by the Great Deluge (accounts of a flood can be found in the mythologies of countless civilizations).

Some skeptics propose this astronomical knowledge was due to contamination by the first European anthropologists encountering the Dogon.

Some scholars concluded, after their research among the Dogon, that…“although they do speak about Sigu Tolo as the star they call Sirius, they disagree completely with each other as to which star is meant. For some it is an invisible star, for another it is Venus that, through a different position, appears as Sigu Tolo. All agree, however, that they learned about the star from European scholars…”

Some other scholars suggested that the Dogon could have received Western astronomical information in 1893, when a French expedition arrived in Central West Africa to observe a total eclipse.

In the religion of the Serer people of Senegal, the Gambia and Mauritania, Sirius is called Yoonir. The star Sirius is one of the most important and sacred stars in Serer religious cosmology and symbolism.

The Serer high priests and priestesses, “The rain priests”, check Yoonir to forecast rainfall and enable Serer farmers to start planting seeds. In Serer religious cosmology, it’s the symbol of the universe. Interesting to note the similar sound of the Yoni of Hindu belief.

In the Sumerian Civilization, predating the Egyptians, their Epic of Gilgamesh describes a dream of Gilgamesh where the hero is drawn irresistibly to a heavy star that cannot be lifted despite immense effort.

This star descends from heaven to him and is described as having a very ‘potent essence’ and being “the God of heaven”. Gilgamesh had for his companions 50 oarsmen in the great ship, Argo, a constellation bordering Canis Major, where Sirius is found.

Sirius’ Alchemical Symbol was also listed by Heinrich Agrippa, a German Renaissance polymath, physician, legal scholar, soldier, knight, theologian, and occult writer.

His most known work are the Three Books of Occult Philosophy published in 1533. They drew heavily upon Kabbalah, Hermeticism and Neoplatonism.

Sirius is one of the 27 stars on the flag of Brazil, where it represents the state of Mato Grosso.

Composer Karl-Heinz Stockhausen, who wrote a piece called Sirius, is claimed to have said on several occasions that he came from a planet in the Sirius system.

To Stockhausen, Sirius stood for “the place where music is the highest of vibrations” and where music had been developed in the most perfect way.

Sirius has been the subject of poetry. Dante and John Milton reference the star, while it was a “powerful western fallen star” for others.

Tennyson’s poem The Princess describes the star’s scintillation:

…the fiery Sirius alters hue
And bickers into red and emerald.

A more recent study using advanced infrared imaging concluded that the probability of the existence of a triple star system for Sirius is “low” but could not be ruled out.

Every 50 years, the two stars in the system, Sirius A and B, come as close together as their orbits allow, creating huge magnetic storms between them. As they approach each other, the stars both begin to spin faster as tidal forces become stronger, eventually trading places with each other.

This energy is eventually released to flow down the magnetic field lines to the sun, which transmits it like a lens to all the planets.

It may cause cataclysmic events on Earth due to re-aligning of energies before the re-polarization.

Sirius B made its latest closest approach (periastron) to Sirius A in 1994, with the next approach expected at around 2044.

If our sun is in a physical binary relationship with Sirius or other stars, that metaphysical concept may have more physical implications which we are only beginning to understand.

Mystery schools consider it to be “a sun behind the sun” and, therefore, the true source of our own sun’s potency. If our sun’s warmth keeps the physical world alive, Sirius is considered to keep the mystical world alive.

It is the “real light” shining in the East, the otherworldly light, whereas the sun illuminates the physical world, which is considered to be a grand illusion.

According to mythology, survivors from Atlantis traveled by boat to several countries, including Egypt, where they imparted their advanced knowledge. Occultists believe that the inexplicable resemblances between distant civilizations (such as the Mayas and the Egyptians) can be explained by their common contact with Atlanteans.

A great number of secret societies, that have historically held within their ranks some of the world’s most influential people, teach about a mystical connection between Sirius and humanity and hold the Dog-Star in the utmost importance as to the metaphysical interconnections we have with the cosmos and also call it “The Blazing Star.”

Sirius, or Venus, can also represent The Star card in Tarot, as the Major Arcana with the number 17.

Sirius can possibly be found behind the All-Seeing Eye on the American dollar bill. It is shown shining right above the Pyramid.

According to Jyotish astrology of India, Sirius is located in the Nakshatra Ardra which lies entirely in the sign of Gemini. Ardra is associated with both Sirius and Betelgeuse, in the constellation of Orion.

Considering most of the ancient wisdom was passed through the millennia, even the image of the teardrop of Ardra is reflecting the Egyptian Goddess Sopdet and her life giving waters which stood for the flooding of the Nile, and can be interpreted as a metaphor for the awakening of the human race.

With the ruling planet Rahu, it also has the influence of Mercury, the ruler of Gemini, reflecting the emphasis on the mind and a deep feeling nature combined with the passionate thinking.

You can generally locate Sirius in your own astrology chart at 19° Gemini, Sidereal and at 13° Cancer, Tropical.

If you have pronounced aspects of Sirius in your chart, you need to learn how to guide people towards their evolutionary experience without forcing your own will on them. It encourages us to be the teachers for others, and lead by example.

Sirius is the knowledge-holder of ancient hermetic wisdom. It represents high ethical standards, and inspires freedom.

Sirius can be authoritative in nature, nevertheless his energies can help us expand our consciousness.

It impacts our discernment between right and wrong, with a sense of responsibility to direct others towards the expression of their soul’s destiny.

The symbolic link between Sirius and occult knowledge has constantly appeared throughout History and has seamlessly traveled throughout the ages. It is as revered today as it was millennia ago.

What do you think about The Sirius Star System and its Occult and Esoteric meanings? Let us know in the comment section and share the post!!!


Video version here:

The Sirius Binary Star System – Occult and Esoteric Considerations


Interesting sources, additional info, images, credits, attributions and other points of views here:

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Links and References:

https://innerworkingsresources.com/sirius/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Sirius_Mystery

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sopdet

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sothic_cycle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swami_Sri_Yukteswar_Giri

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Holy_Science

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogon_people

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius_(mythology)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Cornelius_Agrippa

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An-Najm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Star_(tarot_card)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precession

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey_Chaucer

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudra

https://www.globalegyptianmuseum.org/glossary.aspx?id=359

https://ancientegyptonline.co.uk/sopdet/

http://www.crystalinks.com/sirius.html

https://www.souledout.org/cosmology/highlights/siriushighlights/siriusheavenlyhost.html

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/secrets-sirius-dogstar-14th-century-timbuktu-hamid-fernana

https://vigilantcitizen.com/hidden-knowledge/connection-between-sirius-and-human-history/

https://creatrixmag.com/sirius/

https://binaryresearchinstitute.org/bri/

http://vega.lpl.arizona.edu/sirius/A1.html

https://www.constellationsofwords.com/sirius/

http://judy-volker.com/StarLore/Myths/Native_American_North_America2.html

Pics:

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Canis_Major_constellation_map.svg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius#/media/File:Sirius_A_and_B_Hubble_photo.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius#/media/File:Hubble_heic0206j.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius#/media/File:Orbit_Sirius_B_arcsec.png

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius#/media/File:Sirius_A_&_B_X-ray.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius#/media/File:Sirius_A-Sun_comparison2.png

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius#/media/File:Sirius_B-Earth_comparison2.png

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius#/media/File:Sopdet.svg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius#/media/File:Sirius_Midnight_Culmination_New_Year_2022.png

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius#/media/File:Five_Pointed_Star_Lined.svg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius#/media/File:Angular_map_of_fusors_around_Sol_within_9ly_(large).png

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sopdet#/media/File:Ivory_label_with_Djer_name_and_Sopdet.png

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sopdet#/media/File:La_tombe_de_Sethi_1er_(KV.17)_(Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois,_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest)_-8.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sopdet#/media/File:Dendera_Temple_complex,_Temple_of_Hathor_-_panoramio_(3).jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sopdet#/media/File:Isis-Sothis-Demeter.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sothic_cycle#/media/File:CanisMajorCC.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swami_Sri_Yukteswar_Giri#/media/File:Swami_Sri_Yukteswar_Pose.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogon_people#/media/File:Bandiagara_escarpment_2.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius_(mythology)#/media/File:Sidney_Hall_-_Urania’s_Mirror_-_Canis_Major,_Lepus,_Columba_Noachi_&_Cela_Sculptoris.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Cornelius_Agrippa#/media/File:Portrait_of_Agrippa_Wellcome_L0000100.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Star_(tarot_card)#/media/File:RWS_Tarot_17_Star.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kea_(island)#/media/File:Coin_of_Ceos.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precession#/media/File:Precessing_Kepler_orbit_280frames_e0.6_smaller.gif

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudra#/media/File:RudraShiva_from_Ananda_Patani_manuscript,_Assam.jpg

https://aboutnorsemythology.tumblr.com/post/182097212766/the-winters-were-once-so-cold-on-earth-that-the

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firmament#/media/File:Early_Hebrew_Conception_of_the_Universe.svg

https://humanoriginproject.com/the-yuga-cycles-yogic-astronomy-what-are-the-four-yugas/

https://milky-way.kiwi/starrytelling/how-to-find-te-waka-o-tama-rereti/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlheinz_Stockhausen#/media/File:Stockhausen_1994_WDR.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An-Najm#/media/File:Surat_An-Najm.jpg

https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/50010898538_27105c149f_o.jpg

https://earthsky.org/brightest-stars/sirius-the-brightest-star/

https://stock.adobe.com/it/search?k=dogon&asset_id=173693955

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoth#/media/File:Tumba_de_Rams%C3%A9s_V_y_de_Rams%C3%A9s_VI,_Valle_de_las_Reyes,_Luxor,_Egipto,_2022-04-03,_DD_66.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nommo#/media/File:Brooklyn_Museum_1989.51.39_Nommo_Figure_with_Raised_Arms.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Brazil#/media/File:Flag_of_Brazil.svg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nakshatras.jpg

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Into the Darkness – Exploring the 7 Underworlds in Hindu Cosmology

Into the Darkness – Exploring the 7 Underworlds in Hindu Cosmology

Beneath the surface of the Earth, hidden away from the light of the sun, lies a labyrinthine world of shadows, serpents, and untold secrets—the Seven Underworlds of Hindu cosmology. Known as the Sapta Patalas,

According to some, these realms are more than mere myths; they are actual physical worlds where magic reigns supreme, treasures glitter in the dark, and powerful entities hold sway over mysteries both ancient and forbidden. For centuries, the sages and seers of India have whispered of these realms, each a layer deeper into the cosmic unknown, each a veil concealing a greater truth.

In this short essay, we will describe the Sapta Patalas, or 7 underworlds and give some general characteristics about each one including who rules over these realms and what one might find, should they chose to visit.

So Journey with us into the depths of the Sapta Patalas, where every step descends deeper into the esoteric, and where the line between myth and reality blurs into shadow.

Before we get started, let’s look into the geography of these 7 underworlds or sapta patalas to understand where exactly they are. To understand this we have to delve a bit deeper into Vedic cosmology, getting familiar with some terminology and having a more complete understanding overall of the system surrounding this topic.

In Hindu cosmology realms, worlds or planets are called “lokas”.

There is debate among scholars about these lokas in reference to their existence. Some interpretations refer to psychological states, others lend to states of consciousness, others use the lokas as metaphors for spiritual development and others believe them to be actual, physical, tangible places that can be visited with extraordinary or mystical means. Some scholars believe that the higher realms are non-physical and the lower down you go, the more you fall into material matter.

Whatever your belief, this video will shed light on these 7 underworlds.

There are 14 lokas in total – 7 above, 7 below and grouped into Urdhva loka (the higher realms, madhva or bhu loka – the middle realms and adho lok, the lower realms. – and if you’re familiar with yoga asanas, you will remember urdhva mukha svanasana and adho mukha svansana – upward and downward facing dog poses.

There are 7 Vyahrtis, or upper worlds . These are Satya, tapa, jnana, mahar, svarga, bhuvar, bhu. The upper realms, are inhabited by gods (Devas), sages, and celestial beings. These are realms of light and divine presence, including Indra’s realm, Brahma Loka (the abode of Brahma), and Vaikuntha (the abode of Vishnu).

Bhu Loka or the (Earthly Realm) is the first of these worlds, lying in the middle. This is the plane of existence for humans, animals, and plants. This is our world, where the physical and material existences are experienced.

Then there is patal loka:

  • Patala Loka (Underworld Realms)– The lower realms, consisting of the seven underworlds collectively known as the Sapta Patalas. These underworlds lie beneath Bhu Loka, each stacked upon the next, like layers beneath the surface of the Earth.
  • Naraka – these are the hellish worlds below patala loka, in which there are 28. This is last realm – the Naraka (the hellish realms), in which your soul is tormented based on the crimes you committed.

28 Narakas: Tamisra, Andhatamisra, Raurava, Maharaurava, Kumbhipaka, Kalasutra, Asipatravana, Sukaramukha, Andhakupa, Krimibhojana, Samdamsa, Taptasurmi, Vajrakantaka-salmali, Vaitarani, Puyoda, Pranarodha, Visasana, Lalabhaksa, Sarameyadana, Avichi, Ayahpana, Ksharakardama, Raksogana-bhojana, Sulaprota, Dandasuka, Avata-nirodhana, Paryavartana, and Suchimukha

In the Bhágavata and Padma P. they are named Atala, Vitala, Sutala, Talátala, Mahátala, Rasátala, and Pátála. The Váyu has Rasátala, Sutala, Vitala, Gabhastala, Mahátala, Śrítala, and Pátála. There are other varieties.

So lets have a look at these 7 underworlds:

1. Atala loka:

Atala is the first and uppermost of the seven underworlds, situated just below the earthly realm (Bhu Loka). It is described as a vast, beautiful land with luxurious cities and a mild climate. It is a realm filled with illusions and magical enchantments and known for its pleasures and opulence, providing a paradise-like existence for its inhabitants, who live in grand palaces with rich food, music, and enjoyment. The surface of the ground is black.

  • Ruler:
    Bala, a son of the demon king Maya Danava who created 96 kinds of mystic power, rules over Atala Loka. He is known for his great strength and mystical powers. According to the Bhagavata Purana (Canto 5, Chapter 24), Bala possesses a unique power which allows him to control and influence others’ minds.
  • He is also said to have created three kinds of women by simply yawning—Swairinis (independent women who marry from their own group), Kamini (passionate women who marry from any group), and Pumshcalis (unchaste women who change husbands one after another)—Any man who enters Atala will be at the whim of these women, who seduce them with intoxicating beverage made with a drug known as hāṭaka [cannabis indica] and draw them into sensory pleasures.
  • Inhabitants:
    The Atala Loka is inhabited by powerful demons, Asuras, and mystical beings who indulge in sensual pleasures that are considered unmatched, filled with material comforts and sense gratifications that are beyond earthly experiences.

2. Vitala loka:

Vitala is the second realm beneath the Earth. It is a dark, mysterious land filled with rivers of liquid gold and precious minerals. The water in this realm is said to have alchemical properties, and the air is filled with exotic fragrances. Vitala is depicted as a place of both danger and opulence, where sorcerers and mystical beings conduct various magical experiments. The soil is pale white.

  • Ruler:
    Vitala Loka is ruled by the god Bhava (a form of Shiva), who resides here with his consort, Bhavani. It is said that when they have intercourse, their secretions creates a chemical which, when heated by fire can produce gold. He resides here with his followers and protects the realm from evil influences. He is worshiped by both demons and demi-gods alike.
  • Inhabitants:
    Inhabitants of this realm include Bhutas (spirits), Pisachas (flesh-eating demons), and mystical alchemists who use the resources of the realm for their experiments.

3. Sutala Loka:

Sutala is the third of the seven underworld realms and is described as a highly opulent realm with an abundance of wealth, gems and many grand palaces and gardens. It is considered even more luxurious than the heavenly planets (Svarga Lokas). The realm is described as free from diseases, old age, and suffering, making it a place of immense wealth and comfort.

  • Ruler:
    Sutala is ruled by the great son of Mahārāja Virocana, Bali Mahārāja, who is celebrated as the most pious and benevolent king, who was granted sovereignty over this realm as a gift by Lord Vishnu. in His incarnation as Vamanadeva, the dwarf avatar. As a result of Bali’s devotion and piety, Lord Vishnu promised to guard the gates of Sutala Himself, and thus, it is a well-protected realm.
  • Inhabitants:
    Sutala is populated by the followers of King Bali, including Danavas, Daityas, and other devotees of Lord Vishnu. Despite being a realm of the underworld, it is a spiritually advanced and prosperous place.
  • Detailed descriptions of Sutala can be found in the Bhagavata Purana (Canto 5, Chapter 24), which recounts the story of King Bali and his boon from Vamana.

4. Talatala Loka:


Talatala is the fourth realm and is described as a dark, mysterious world filled with powerful magical beings. It is portrayed as a world of sorcery, advanced weaponry, and mystic technology. It is characterized by its hidden underground cities and palaces where powerful beings conduct magical experiments and possess advanced mystical knowledge. It is filled with illusions, traps and dark magical practices. Everything here is deceptive and seemingly unreal.

  • Ruler:
    Talatala is ruled by the Danava demon architect Maya, who is a master of sorcery and illusion and an architect of marvelous cities and palaces. He is known for his architectural prowess and magical powers, capable of creating magnificent structures, illusions, and magical devices. Maya is a devotee of Shiva and receives divine protection for his realm.
  • Inhabitants:
    This realm is populated by sorcerers, alchemists, and other beings who practice dark arts and wield powerful spells and weaponry.

5. Mahatala Loka


Mahatala is the fifth realm of the underworld and is associated with secrecy, hidden treasures, and the protection of the Nagas. It is characterized by its vast subterranean regions filled with serpents and reptilian beings. The realm is depicted as having a dark, hot, and humid environment. It is known for its massive snake pits, caves, vast underground rivers and serpentine tunnels and caves, where these serpents dwell. The terrain and ground is sandy.

  • Ruler:
    The Nagas (serpent beings) are the primary inhabitants and rulers of Mahatala. This realm is specifically ruled by the great serpent Krodhavasha, a powerful Naga king, who is the progenitor of many races of serpents. His offspring include many of the most powerful and fearsome Nagas in Hindu mythology.
  • Inhabitants:
    It is the abode of many-powerful, hooded snakes, descendants of Kadrū, who are always very angry. The great snakes who are prominent are Kuhaka, Takṣaka, Kāliya and Suṣeṇa. The snakes in Mahātala are always disturbed by fear of Garuḍa, the carrier of Lord Viṣṇu, but although they are full of anxiety, some of them nevertheless sport with their wives, children, friends and relatives.

6. Rasatala Loka


Rasatala is the sixth underworld realm and is depicted as a dark, terrifying place filled with great fortresses and oceans which is home to the demons races the Daityas, children of the cruel Diti (giants) and Danavas, children of Danu and armies of demons are constantly plotting against the Devas.

These beings are known for their strength and valor and are considered eternal enemies of the gods. It is considered one of the lowest realms and is filled with dense darkness, inaccessible to light. The beings in Rasatala are constantly engaged in war and conflict. The terrain and ground is rocky.

  • Ruler:
    Rasatala is ruled by the powerful demon lords, the sons of Nivata-Kavachas and Kalayavanas. They are mortal enemies of the gods and are described as fearsome warriors who challenge the devas (gods) in battles.They hide in Rasatal, because even though they are very strong, they are afraid of Indra.
  • Inhabitants:
    The inhabitants include various classes of demons, giants, and other terrifying beings. They are known for their strength, magical abilities, and enmity towards the gods.
  • 7. Patala (Nagaloka)

  • Patala, the seventh and deepest underworld, is often synonymous with “Nagaloka,” the abode of the Nagas. It is described as a place of immense wealth, a highly luxurious realm, illuminated by jewels and precious stones on the hoods of the serpent beings. Despite being the lowest of the Sapta Patalas, it is considered a place of beauty and splendor, filled with palaces, beautiful gardens, rivers, and pleasant atmospheres. There are many beautiful, flourishing cities here and It is known for its glowing pearls, gemstones, and exotic fragrances. The ground is golden.
  • As per the SB, There are beautiful groves and streams and lakes where the lotus blows; and the skies are resonant with the Koïl’s song. Splendid ornaments, fragrant perfumes, rich unguents, the blended music of the lute and pipe and tabor; these and many other enjoyments are the common portion of the Dānavas, Daityas, and snake-gods, who inhabit the regions of Pātāla.
  • Ruler:
    The great serpent king Vasuki, who is often depicted with multiple hoods and is one of the most famous Nagas, rules Patala. This realm is also protected by Ananta (Shesha), the thousand-headed serpent whose eyes resemble a red lotus and who serves as a bed for Lord Vishnu. Ananta is said to live in the lower regions of Patala and is revered as a divine protector.
  • Inhabitants:
    Patala Loka is inhabited by Nagas, snake-like beings of immense power, beauty, and wisdom. There there are many demoniac serpents, the masters of Nāgaloka, such as Śaṅkha, Kulika, Mahāśaṅkha, Śveta, Dhanañjaya, Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Śaṅkhacūḍa, Kambala, Aśvatara and Devadatta. The chief among them is Vāsuki. They are all extremely angry, and they have many, many hoods — some snakes five hoods, some seven, some ten, others a hundred and others a thousand. These hoods are bedecked with valuable gems, and the light emanating from the gems illuminates the entire planetary system of bila-svarga. They are often have mystical abilities, including shape-shifting and controlling various elements of nature.

So How can one reach the sapta patalas? Some texts mention the idea of these lokas as spiritual realms or dimensions that can be accessed through meditation, yoga, or other spiritual practices.

Some also say that you must be born into one of these places, that after reincarnation, you will go to the place that is aligned to your thoughts and energy at the moment.

Yet, other sources state that there are entrances, portals, to other realms that are spread across the Earth. Entrances similar to what one might find when searching for Agartha. And some entrances that are heavily guarded and that can only be accessed by having the right information, knowing the right people, or, in terms of modern day terminology – high security clearance.

How do we know there isn’t something more? What is the connection between military or government officials and the so called, grey aliens? Or any alien or reptilian race? Perhaps it is just conspiracy theory, but could the military have advanced technology that permits travel to these underworlds? Travel only by high authority figures or politicians, or by military captains that have authorization to enter such places?

We may never know.

In conclusion, The Sapta Patalas are described as realms of vast diversity, ranging from opulent paradises to dark, mysterious underworlds filled with magical beings, demons, serpents, and rulers with extraordinary powers. Each loka has its own unique environment, inhabitants, and rulers who maintain control over their domain. Despite being part of the underworld, these realms have their own significance, demonstrating the complex and multi-layered structure of the cosmos as envisioned in Hindu cosmology.

So what do you think? Do you think these are physical places that can be visited? Or states of consciousness, accessible only through meditation, astral travel or remote viewing?

What would you do if you encountered a Naga King? Share your thoughts and comments in the comment box below and thanks for reading!


Video version here:

Into the Darkness – Exploring the 7 Underworlds in Hindu Cosmology


Interesting sources, additional info, images, credits, attributions and other points of views here:

Elemental Energy and how to use it, check our course here: https://www.udemy.com/course/elemental-energy-for-success-and-well-being/?referralCode=A680413E03BEAD96E744

Book a Tarot reading here: https://suryaholistictarot.com/book-a-reading/

Check our soundtrack here:
https://lennyblandino.bandcamp.com/track/fire-meditation-1

Websites:

https://alkemystica.com

https://lennyblandino.com

https://www.staciebronson.com/

https://www.facebook.com/groups/1372429986896515


LINKS, REFERENCES AND PICS:

Srimad Bhagavatam 5:24:16

Vishnu Purana Book 2, chapter 5

Markandeya Purana Chapter 57

Mahabharata (Udyoga Parva, Chapter 101)

https://www.mahakavya.com/vayu-puran-english/ (p335)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loka#/media/File:Lower_seven_Lokas_purana.png

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naraka

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patala

https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/vishnu-purana-wilson/d/doc115967.html

https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/the-padma-purana/d/doc364126.html

https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/patala#purana

https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/vishnu-purana-wilson/d/doc115965.html

https://sacred-texts.com/hin/vp/vp063.htm

https://vaniquotes.org/wiki/In_Atala_there_is_a_demon,_the_son_of_Maya_Danava_named_Bala,_who_created_ninety-six_kinds_of_mystic_power._Some_so-called_yogis_and_svamis_take_advantage_of_this_mystic_power_to_cheat_people_even_today

https://www.jatland.com/home/Udyoga_Parva/Mahabharata_Book_V_Chapter_101

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udyoga_Parva

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The Kushite Empire (Kingdom of Kush) Sudan – Egypt

The Kushite Empire (Kingdom of Kush) Sudan - Egypt

The Kingdom of Kush, also known as the Kushite Empire, or simply Kush, was an ancient kingdom in Nubia, centered along the Nile Valley in what is now northern Sudan and southern Egypt.

The native name of the Kingdom was recorded in Egyptian as kꜣš.

The name Kush has been connected with Cush in the Hebrew Bible. According to the Bible, Nimrod, a son of Cush, was the founder and King of Babylon.

In Greek sources Kush was known as Kous or Aethiopia.

The region of Nubia was an early cradle of civilization, producing several complex societies that engaged in trade and industry. The city-state of Kerma emerged as the dominant political force between 2450 and 1450 BC, controlling an area in the Nile Valley as large as Egypt.

The Egyptians were the first to identify Kerma as “Kush” probably from the indigenous word “Kasu”. Over the next several centuries the two civilizations engaged in intermittent warfare, trade, and cultural exchange.

In the Kingdom of Kerma’s latest phase, lasting from about 1700 to 1500 BC, it absorbed the Sudanese kingdom of Saï and became a sizable, populous empire rivaling Egypt. Current Sai Island is located in northern Sudan.

Under Thutmose I, Egypt made several campaigns south, occupied Kush and destroyed its capital, Kerma.

Egyptians also undertook campaigns to defeat Kush and conquer Nubia under the rule of Amenhotep I (1514–1493 BC). The Kushites are described as archers:

“Now after his Majesty had slain the Bedoin of Asia, he sailed upstream to Upper Nubia to destroy the Nubian bowmen.”

Archers were the most important force in the Kushite military. Their arrows were often poisoned-tipped. Elephants were occasionally used in warfare, as seen in the war against Rome around 20 BC.

Around 1500 BC, Nubia was absorbed into the New Kingdom of Egypt, but rebellions continued for centuries. After the conquest, Kerma culture was increasingly Egyptianized. Nubia nevertheless became a key province of the New Kingdom, economically, politically, and esoterically. Major pharaonic ceremonies were held at Jebel Barkal near Napata.

According to Josephus Flavius, the biblical Moses led the Egyptian army in a siege of the Kushite city of Meroe. To end the siege, Princess Tharbis was given to Moses as a “diplomatic” bride, and thus the Egyptian army retreated back to Egypt.

With the disintegration of the New Kingdom around 1070 BC, Kush became an independent kingdom centered at Napata in modern northern Sudan. This more-Egyptianized “Kingdom of Kush” emerged and regained the region’s independence from Egypt.

The extent of cultural and political continuity between the Kerma culture and the chronologically succeeding Kingdom of Kush is difficult to determine.

The first Kushite King known by name was Alara, who ruled somewhere between 800 and 760 BC.

Alara was a King of Kush, who is generally regarded as the founder of the Napatan royal dynasty and was the first recorded prince of Kush. He never controlled any region of Egypt during his reign compared to his two immediate successors. Nubian literature credits him with a substantial reign since future Nubian kings hoped that they might enjoy a reign as long as Alara’s.

His memory was also central to the origin myth of the Kushite Kingdom, which was embellished with new elements over time. Alara was a deeply revered figure in Nubian culture and the first Kushite King whose name came down to scholars.

Later royal inscriptions remember Alara as the founder of the dynasty, some calling him “chieftain”, others “king”.

Alara was probably buried at El-Kurru, although there exists no inscription to identify his tomb. It has been proposed that it was Alara who turned Kush from a chiefdom to an Egyptianized kingdom centered around the cult of Amun.

Alara’s successor Kashta extended Kushite control north to Elephantine (near modern-day Aswan) and Thebes in Upper Egypt.

Kashta’s successor Piye seized control of Lower Egypt around 727 BC.

He ruled from the city of Napata, located deep in Nubia, modern-day Sudan.

“Amun of Napata granted me to be ruler of every foreign country,” and Amun of Thebes granted me to be ruler of the Black Land (Kmt)”.

“Foreign country” in this regard seems to include Lower Egypt, while “Kmt” seems to refer to a united Upper Egypt and Nubia.

KMT is probably the root of the word Kemet, where Al-Kimia (Alchemy) derives from.

The monarchs of Kush ruled Egypt for over a century until they were expelled by the Assyrian kings Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal in the mid-seventh century BC.

King Esarhaddon, when conquering Egypt and destroying the Kushite Empire, stated how he “deported all Aethiopians from Egypt, leaving not one to pay homage to me”.

He was talking about the Nubian 25th Dynasty rather than people from modern-day Ethiopia.

The 25th dynasty was a line of pharaohs who originated in the Kingdom of Kush.

Most of this dynasty’s kings saw Napata as their spiritual homeland. They reigned in part or all of Ancient Egypt for nearly a century, from 744 to 656 BC.

The 25th dynasty was highly Egyptianized, using the Egyptian language and writing system as their medium of record and exhibiting an unusual devotion to Egypt’s religious, artistic, and literary traditions.

Earlier scholars have ascribed the origins of the dynasty to immigrants from Egypt, particularly the Egyptian Amun priests.

Tantamani was the last pharaoh of the Twenty-Fifth Dynasty. His royal name was Bakare, which means “Glorious is the Soul of Re.”

Soon after the Assyrians had appointed a king and left, Tantamani invaded Egypt in hopes of restoring his family to the throne. Tantamani marched down the Nile from Nubia and reoccupied all of Egypt, including Memphis. The Assyrians’ representatives were killed in Tantamani’s campaign.

This led to a renewed conflict with Ashurbanipal in 663 BCE. The Assyrians returned to Egypt in force and defeated Tantamani.

This event effectively ended Nubian control over Egypt, although Tantamani’s authority was still recognised in Upper Egypt until 656 BCE, when Egypt was unified. These events marked the start of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt.

Thereafter, Tantamani ruled only Nubia (Kush). He died in 653 BCE and was buried in the family cemetery at El-Kurru, below a pyramid, now disappeared. Only the entrance and the chambers remain, which are beautifully decorated with mural paintings.

The Kushite pharaohs built and restored temples and monuments throughout the Nile valley, including Memphis, Karnak, Kawa, and Jebel Barkal. It was during the 25th dynasty that the Nile Valley saw the first widespread construction of pyramids (many in modern-day Sudan) since the Middle Kingdom.

King Aspelta moved the capital to Meroë, considerably farther south than Napata, circa 591 BCE, because it was on the fringe of the summer rainfall belt, and the area was rich in iron ore and hardwood for iron working. The location also afforded access to trade routes to the Red Sea. The Kushites traded iron products with the Romans, in addition to gold, ivory and slaves.

Around 300 BCE, the move to Meroë was made more complete when the Kings began to be buried there, instead of at Napata. One theory says that the monarchs wanted to break away from the power of the priests at Napata.

During this same period, the Kushite authority may have extended some 1,500 kms along the Nile River valley from the Egyptian frontier in the north to areas far south of modern-day Khartoum and probably also substantial territories to the east and west.

The fall of Meroe is often associated with an Aksumite invasion, although Aksum’s presence in Nubia was likely short-lived.

The Kingdom of Aksum was based in what is now northern Ethiopia and Eritrea, and spanning present-day Djibouti and Sudan. It was considered one of the 4 great powers by the Persian prophet Mani, alongside Persia, Rome, and China.

From the third century BCE to the third century AD, northern Nubia would be invaded and annexed by Egypt. Ruled by the Macedonians and Romans for the next 600 years, this territory would be known in the Greco-Roman world as Dodekaschoinos.

After the Romans assumed control of Egypt, they negotiated with the Kushites at Philae and drew the southern border of Roman Egypt at Aswan.

The Kingdom of Kush became a client kingdom of Rome, which was similar to the situation under Ptolemaic rule of Egypt. Kushite ambition and excessive Roman taxation are two theories for a revolt that was supported by Kushite armies.

The ancient historians Strabo and Pliny give accounts of the conflict with Roman Egypt in the first century BCE. According to Strabo, the Kushites sacked Aswan with an army of 30,000 men and destroyed imperial statues.

Then, the Kushites sent ambassadors to negotiate a truce with the Romans, obtaining a peace treaty on favorable terms. Trade between the two nations increased and the Roman Egyptian border was moved to Maharraqa.

This arrangement guaranteed peace for most of the next 300 years and there is no definite evidence of further clashes.

Kush began to fade as a power by the first or second century AD, drained by the war with the Roman province of Egypt and the decline of its traditional industries.  

It has been suggested that the Kushites reoccupied lower Nubia after Roman forces were withdrawn to Aswan. Thereafter, it weakened and disintegrated due to internal rebellion.

The Kingdom of Kush persisted as a major regional power until the 4th century AD when it weakened from internal rebellion amid worsening climatic conditions and invasions and conquest of the Kingdom of Kush by the Noba people who introduced the Nubian languages and gave their name to Nubia itself.

Around 420 AD, the elites began assuming royal insignia of their own, resulting in the later kingdoms of Nobatia (north), Makuria (center), and Alodia (south). Out of these 3, Nobatia is considered a small post-imperial remnant of Kush, maintaining some aspects of Kushite culture but also exhibiting Hellenistic and Roman influences.

Sometime after this event, the Kingdom of Alodia would gain control of the southern territory of the former Meroitic empire including parts of Eritrea.

Technology, medicine, mathematics and architecture

The natives of the Kingdom of Kush developed a type of water wheel that had a decisive influence on agriculture.

They also developed a form of reservoir, known as hafir.

The functions of hafirs were to catch water during the rainy season for storage, to ensure it was available for several months during the dry season as drinking water, to irrigate fields and for cattle.

Nubian mummies revealed that Kush was a pioneer of early antibiotics. Tetracycline was already being used by Nubians, while modern commercial use started in the mid 20th century.

The theory states that earthen jars containing grain used for making beer contained the bacterium streptomyces, which produced tetracycline, and Nubians could have noticed that people felt better by drinking beer.

Nubians had a sophisticated understanding of mathematics as they appreciated the harmonic ratio and established a system of geometry to create early versions of sun clocks.

Long overshadowed by its more prominent Egyptian neighbor, Kush was an advanced civilization in its own right. The Kushites had their own unique language and script, maintained a complex economy based on trade and industry, mastered archery and developed a complex, urban society with uniquely high levels of female participation.

Though Kush had developed many cultural affinities with Egypt, such as the veneration of Amun, and the royal families of both kingdoms occasionally intermarried, Kushite culture, language and ethnicity was distinct, even the way they dressed, their appearance and method of transportation.

They also created pyramids, mud-brick temples (deffufa), and masonry temples.

Pyramids are “the archetypal tomb monument of the Kushite royal family” and found at “el Kurru, Nuri, Jebel Barkal, and Meroe.”

The Kushite pyramids are smaller with steeper sides than northern Egyptian ones.

Kush also invented Nubian vaults, a type of curved surface forming a structure of pure earth without the need of timber.

Some scholars believe the economy in the Kingdom of Kush was a redistributive system. The state would collect taxes in the form of surplus produce and would redistribute it to the people. Others believe that most of the society worked on the land and required nothing from the state and did not contribute to the state.

Northern Kush seems to have been more productive and wealthier than the Southern area.

On account of the Kingdom of Kush’s proximity to Ancient Egypt and because the 25th dynasty ruled over both states in the 8th century BCE, the political structure and organization of Kush as an independent ancient state has not received as thorough as attention from scholars, and there remains much ambiguity especially surrounding the earliest periods of the state.

The study of the region could benefit from increased recognition of Kush as an entity in its own right, with distinct cultural conditions, rather than merely as a secondary reign on the periphery of Egypt.

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The Kushite Empire (Kingdom of Kush) Sudan – Egypt


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LINKS:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kush

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aethiopia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esarhaddon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Dynasty_of_Egypt

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%C3%AF_(island)

https://medievalsaiproject.wordpress.com/

https://lenditravel.com/destinations/sai-island/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El-Kurru

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alara_of_Kush

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jebel_Barkal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nubian_vault

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantamani

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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Exposition_Nubia,_Land_of_the_Black_Pharaohs_%E2%80%93_Mirror._Kerma_Period,_1700-1550_BC.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nubian_Prince_Hekanefer_bringing_tribute_for_King_Tut,_18th_dynasty,_Tomb_of_Huy.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Relief_In_The_Semna_Temple_(3)_(34074139275).jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gebel_Barkal.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lepsius_el-Kurru_pyramids.jpeg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rulers_of_Kush,_Kerma_Museum.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pyramids_of_Nuri_(cropped).jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:King_Tanutamani,_el-Kurru.jpeg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jewelry_found_on_the_Mummy_of_Nubian_King_AMANINATAKILEBTE_(538-519_BC)._Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Arikankharer_Slaying_His_Enemies,_Meroitic,_beginning_of_first_century_AD,_sandstone_-_Worcester_Art_Museum_-_IMG_7535.JPG

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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Der_gro%C3%9Fe_Hafir_von_Musawwarat_fungiert_jetzt_als_Tr%C3%A4nke_f%C3%BCr_die_Tiere_und_Herden_in_der_Region.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tetracycline-HCl_substance_photo.jpg

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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sudan_Meroe_Pyramids_30sep2005_2.jpg

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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Taharqa%27s_kiosk._Karnak_Temple.jpg

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Cycles of Time in Vedic Cosmology – The 4 Yugas – Part 1

Cycles of Time in Vedic Cosmology - The 4 Yugas - Part 1

Hindu Vedic texts describe four Yugas (world ages) in a Yuga Cycle—Krita (Satya) Yuga, Treta Yuga, Dwapara Yuga, and Kali Yuga—where, starting in order from the first age, each Yuga’s length decreases by one-fourth (25%), giving proportions of 4:3:2:1

As a Yuga Cycle progresses through the four Yugas, each Yuga’s length and humanity’s general moral and physical state within each Yuga decrease by one-fourth.

Each Yuga is characterized by varying degrees of virtue and vice, wisdom and ignorance, and dharma (righteousness) and adharma (unrighteousness).

1. Satya Yuga (The Age of Truth)

Satya Yuga, also known as the Golden Age or the Age of Truth, is the first and most revered of the Yugas. It is characterized by a time of truth, virtue, and divine presence. In this era, humanity is said to live in harmony with the divine, and righteousness prevails. The divine essence is fully manifest, and people are endowed with immense wisdom and spiritual purity. The moral and ethical standards are at their highest, and there is no need for religious practices or rituals since truth and righteousness are innate.

In this age, the human lifespan is said to be the longest, and there is no suffering or conflict. The concept of Dharma is fully realized, and the divine is perceived directly by all. The natural world is in its prime, reflecting the purity and perfection of this age.

2. Treta Yuga (The Age of Treta)

Following Satya Yuga is Treta Yuga, often referred to as the Silver Age. This period marks a gradual decline in virtue and an increase in the need for religious practices and rituals to maintain Dharma. Although righteousness still prevails, it is somewhat diminished compared to the previous age. In Treta Yuga, humanity begins to experience the emergence of moral and spiritual decay.

In this era, the lifespan of human beings decreases, and the divine presence becomes less direct. The need for sacrifices, rituals, and religious observances arises to uphold Dharma and compensate for the growing imperfections. The epic Ramayana is set in Treta Yuga, reflecting the narrative of divine intervention and the heroic struggle to restore righteousness.

3. Dwapara Yuga (The Age of Dwapara)

Dwapara Yuga, or the Bronze Age, represents a further decline in the moral and spiritual quality of humanity. During this age, virtue and righteousness are significantly diminished, and the human experience becomes more fraught with conflict and suffering. Dharma and adharma are in constant flux, and the balance between them becomes more precarious.

In Dwapara Yuga, the lifespan of human beings continues to decrease, and religious practices become more complex and ritualistic. The Mahabharata, another epic of the Vedic tradition, is set in this age, depicting the moral and ethical challenges faced by individuals and societies. The epic highlights the role of divine intervention and the consequences of human actions in the struggle to restore righteousness.

4. Kali Yuga (The Age of Darkness)

The final Yuga is Kali Yuga, often referred to as the Age of Darkness or the Iron Age. This era is characterized by the greatest decline in virtue and the predominance of adharma. In Kali Yuga, humanity experiences the greatest suffering, ignorance, and moral corruption. The divine presence is least apparent, and the human lifespan is the shortest.

The principles of Dharma are greatly obscured, and the world is marked by conflict, deceit, and chaos. Religious practices become increasingly necessary as a means to combat the pervasive ignorance and evil. Kali Yuga is believed to be the current age, and according to tradition, it will eventually lead to the end of the cosmic cycle, after which a new cycle of Satya Yuga will begin.

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Cycles of Time in Vedic Cosmology – The 4 Yugas – Part 1


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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuga_cycle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swami_Sri_Yukteswar_Giri

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satya_Yuga

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Yuga

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dvapara_Yuga

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treta_Yuga

http://veda.wikidot.com/vedic-time-system#toc8

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https://www.dwapara-yuga.org

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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:4_yugas.PNG

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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kalki_(centre).jpg

https://pixabay.com/illustrations/ai-generated-hindu-style-goddess-8670920

The four ages of Hindu cosmology (Peter Hermes Furian / Adobe Stock)

https://www.reddit.com/r/hinduism/comments/14lupco/which_of_the_yuga_cycle_model_between_these_two/

https://pixabay.com/illustrations/ai-generated-suffering-hell-dante-8425585

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Motion_of_Sun,_Earth_and_Moon_around_the_Milky_Way.jpg